Understanding Prejudice
Understanding Prejudice
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Reducing Prejudice

The following materials relate to prejudice reduction and social justice. To learn more about an item or to purchase a book, please click on its title. As an Amazon Associate,, up to 15% of all book purchases made through Amazon.com (by clicking a link below and ordering the book online) will go toward supporting this web site.

For additional reading materials on this topic, please see the continuously updated Prejudice and Conflict Reduction Reference Database maintained by Professor Elizabeth Paluck of Princeton University.
 Booklist by Topic:

 Prejudice Reduction Strategies Across the Lifespan

 Educational Approaches

 Diversity Training

 Cultivating Empathy

 Activism and Social Change

 Scholarly Journals:

 Magazines, E-Zines, and Newsletters:

 Activism and Antiracism

 Diversity Training

 Other Publications:

 Articles and Essays:

 General Overviews on Prejudice Reduction
  • Aboud, F. E., & Levy, S. R.. (1999). Reducing racial prejudice, discrimination, and stereotyping: Translating research into programs. Journal of Social Issues, 55.
  • Dovidio, J. F., & Gaertner, S. L. (1999). Reducing prejudice: Combating intergroup biases. Current Directions in Psychological Science, 8, 101-109.
  • Hawley, W. D., Banks, J. A., Padilla, A. M., Pope-Davis, D. B., & Schofield, J. W. (1995). Strategies for reducing racial and ethnic prejudice: Essential principles for program design. In W. D. Hawley, A. W. Jackson, et al. (Eds.), Toward a Common Destiny: Improving Race and Ethnic Relations in America. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
  • Monteith, M. J., Zuwerink, J. R., & Devine, P. G. (1994). Prejudice and prejudice reduction: Classic challenges, contemporary approaches. In P. G. Devine, D. L. Hamilton, & T. M. Ostrom (Eds.), Social Cognition: Impact on Social Psychology (pp. 323-346). San Diego: Academic Press.
  • Monteith, M. J., & Voils, C. I. (2001). Exerting control over prejudiced responses. In G. B. Moskowitz (Ed.), Cognitive Social Psychology: The Princeton Symposium on the Legacy and Future of Social Cognition (pp. 375-388). Mahwah, NJ: Lawrence Erlbaum Associates.

 Empathy and Perspective Taking

  • Batson, C. D., Polcarpou, M. P., Harmon-Jones, E., Imhoff, H. J., Mitchener, E. C., & Bednar, L. L. (1997). Empathy and attitudes: Can feeling for a member of a stigmatized group improve feelings toward the group? Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 72, 105-118.
  • Galinsky, A. D., & Moskowitz, G. B. (2000). Perspective-taking: Decreasing stereotype expression, stereotype accessibility, and in-group favoritism. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 78, 708-724.
  • McGregor, J. (1993). Effectiveness of role playing and antiracist teaching in reducing student prejudice. Journal of Educational Research, 86, 215-226.
  • Plous, S. (2000). Responding to overt displays of prejudice: A role-playing exercise. Teaching of Psychology, 27, 198-200.
  • Stephan, W. G., & Finlay, K. (1999). The role of empathy in improving intergroup relations. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 729-743.

 The Contact Hypothesis

  • Desforges, D. M., Lord, C. G., Ramsey, S. L., Mason, J. A., Van Leeuwen, M D., & West, S. C (1991). Effects of structured cooperative contact on changing negative attitudes toward stigmatized social groups. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 60, 531-544.
  • Pettigrew, T. F. (1997). Generalized intergroup contact effects on prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 23, 173-185.
  • Wittig, M. A., & Grant-Thompson, S. (1999). The utility of Allport's conditions of intergroup contact for predicting perceptions of improved racial attitudes and beliefs. Journal of Social Issues, 54, 795-812.
  • Wright, S. C., Aron, A., McLaughlin-Volpe, T., & Ropp, S. A. (1997). The extended contact effect: Knowledge of cross-group friendships and prejudice. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 73, 73-90.

 Cooperative Learning Teachniques

  • Aronson, E., & Gonzalez, A. (1988). Desegregation, jigsaw, and the Mexican-American experience. In P. A. Katz & D. A. Taylor (Eds.), Eliminating Racism: Profiles in Controversy (pp. 301-314). New York: Plenum Press.
  • Slavin, R. E., & Cooper, R. (1999). Improving intergroup relations: Lessons learned from cooperative learning programs. Journal of Social Issues, 55, 647-663.
  • Walker, I., & Crogan, M. (1998). Academic performance, prejudice, and the jigsaw classroom: New pieces to the puzzle. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 8, 381-393.

 Cognitive Dissonance and Prejudice Reduction

  • Constans, H. P. (1983). To tip the scale against prejudice: The use of the theory of cognitive dissonance in the reduction of racial prejudice. Focus on Learning, 9, 18-24.
  • Hing, L. S. S., Li, W., & Zanna, M. P. (2002). Inducing hypocrisy to reduce prejudicial responses among aversive racists. Journal of Experimental Social Psychology, 38, 71-78.
  • Leippe, M. R., & Eisenstadt, D. (1994). Generalization of dissonance reduction: Decreasing prejudice through induced compliance. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 67, 395-413.
  • Rokeach, M. (1971). Long-range experimental modification of values, attitudes, and behavior. American Psychologist, 26, 453-459.

 Reducing Implicit Attitudes and Stereotypes

  • Blair, I. V. (2002). The malleability of automatic stereotypes and prejudice. Personality and Social Psychology Review, 6, 242-261.
  • Blair, I. V., Ma, J. E., & Lenton, A. P. (2001). Imagining stereotypes away: The moderation of implicit stereotypes through mental imagery. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 828-841.
  • Dasgupta, N., & Greenwald, A. G. (2001). On the malleability of automatic attitudes: Combating automatic prejudice with images of admired and disliked individuals. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 800-814.
  • Rudman, L. A., Ashmore, R. D., & Gary, M. L. (2001). "Unlearning" automatic biases: The malleability of implicit prejudice and stereotypes. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 81, 856-868.

 Other Topics

  • Blanchard, F. A., Lilly, T., & Vaughn, L. A. (1991). Reducing the expression of racial prejudice. Psychological Science, 2, 101-105.
  • Eberhardt, J. L., & Fiske, S. T. (1996). Motivating individuals to change: What is a target to do? In C. N. Macrae, C. Stangor, & M. Hewstone (Eds.), Stereotypes and Stereotyping (pp. 369-415). New York: Guilford Press.
  • Stangor, C., Segrist, G. B., & Jost, J. T. (2001). Changing racial beliefs by providing consensus information. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 27, 486-496.
  • Vrij, A., Van Schie, E., & Cherryman, J. (1996). Reducing ethnic prejudice through public communication programs: A social-psychological perspective. Journal of Psychology, 130, 413-420.